Open AccessCommunity-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus an Important Enemy against us; Why Investigation of Their Main Toxins Reveals Contradictory Data
Author(s) -
Sultan F. Alnomasy
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
microbiology research journal international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2456-7043
DOI - 10.9734/mrji/2021/v31i530315
Subject(s) - staphylococcus aureus , virulence , microbiology and biotechnology , antibiotics , immune system , leukocidin , biology , antibiotic resistance , toxin , methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus , immunology , bacteria , gene , biochemistry , genetics
Community-Acquired Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) strains are serious human pathogens because of their micro floral abilities; resistance to clinically important antibiotics and ability to evade the host immune defences. Panton–Valentine leucocidin (PVL) and Phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs) are the main important virulence factors of CA-MRSA. The aim of this work was to provide an explanation on why there are contradictory findings in studies of PVL and PSMs. Several factors such as differences in growth media or in injection mode, species-specific interaction, contamination in culture supernatants, the concentration of toxin, and exposure time that have an effect on conducting of these studies were discussed in this paper.