Clinico-Hematological Study of Thrombocytopenia on the Basis of Bone Marrow Examination in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Thrombocytopenia can occur in a variety of clinical conditions. Bone marrow aspiration is crucial for diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes of thrombocytopenia, its spectrum, and how to interpret the results of bone marrow aspiration. Aim & Objectives: To study the cases of thrombocytopenia on the basis of bone marrow examination for correlation of bone marrow findings with clinical features, haematological parameters and other investigations in cases of thrombocytopenia. Secondary objective is to investigate the role of morphological examination of bone marrow aspiration and trephine biopsy in diagnosis of various disorders leading to thrombocytopenia. Results: The cross-sectional prospective study lasted two years, from May 2019 to May 2021, at a tertiary care centre where clinico-haematological evaluation of patients with thrombocytopenia was done on the basis of bone marrow examination. A total of 103 cases with thrombocytopenia underwent bone marrow examination of which most patients belonged to the age group of 41-50 with a male preponderance. Majority of the patients presented with generalized weakness and pallor. Megaloblastic anaemia was the most predominant cause followed by acute myeloid leukemia and dimorphic anaemia. More research into the pathogenesis of megakaryocytic alteration and its contribution to thrombocytopenia could lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of a variety of hematopoietic disorders and the identification of broader clinical applications.