Open AccessCircadian Dysregulation: A Mainstream Mess of the Present World
Author(s) -
Pankaj Mehta,
Gurpreet Kaur,
Neelam Thakur,
Navneet Kaur
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of pharmaceutical research international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2456-9119
DOI - 10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i54b33786
Subject(s) - circadian rhythm , per2 , chronotherapy (sleep phase) , zeitgeber , chronotype , circadian clock , infradian rhythm , light effects on circadian rhythm , free running sleep , bacterial circadian rhythms , neuroscience , dark therapy , anxiety , shift work , biology , psychology , clock , ultradian rhythm , psychiatry
The physiological systems of humans and other organisms are periodic in nature. One such system is a circadian rhythm, a biological internal clock that is endogenous and entrainable. The circadian rhythm regulates essential functions such as the sleep/wake cycle, hormones, feeding behaviour, metabolism and cell division as well. Due to shift work or jet lag or even irregular sleep, diet, etc., circadian rhythm disorders are one of the most common problems in this century. It is a major factor that can trigger various diseases like depression, lung tumorigenesis, cancer, anxiety, depression and many more. The purpose of this review is to discuss circadian dysregulation and its potential long-term effects in cancer including lung tumor and mental illness including depression, anxiety. Loss of autonomous cells containing Bmal1 and Per2 (the core components of circadian rhythm) will increase growth and metabolism imbalance and increase in c-Myc levels. To treat circadian rhythm disorders, zeitgebers (external cues) should be used to entrain or synchronize the circadian rhythm and sleep phase chronotherapy can also be used.