Open AccessOverview on the Causes and Updated Management of Impetigo
Author(s) -
Abdullah Rahil Alotaibi,
Rahaf Mohammad Alshahrani,
Ahad Awadh Alanazi,
Marwah K Almalki,
Saleh Asaad Hamad Alsaadoon,
Ahood Mahjari,
Duaa Alahmadi
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of pharmaceutical research international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2456-9119
DOI - 10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i54b33764
Subject(s) - impetigo , medicine , dermatology , clindamycin , mupirocin , pyoderma , fusidic acid , staphylococcus aureus , antibiotics , penicillin , skin infection , streptococcus pyogenes , microbiology and biotechnology , methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus , genetics , bacteria , biology
Impetigo is the most common bacterial skin infection in children between the ages of 2 and 5. There are two main types: non-vesicular (70% of cases) and bullous (30% of cases). Non-bullous impetigo or impetigo is caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes and is characterized by honey-colored skin on the face and limbs. Impetigo primarily affects the skin or is a secondary infection with insect bites, eczema, or herpes lesions. Bullous impetigo caused only by S. aureus causes large, relaxed blisters and is more likely to affect the interstitial area. Both types usually resolve within a few weeks without scarring, and complications are rare, the most serious of which is streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Treatment includes topical antibiotics such as mupirocin, retapamulin, and fusidic acid. Oral antibiotic therapy can be used for impetigo with large blisters, or when topical therapy is not practical. Amoxicillin / clavulanate, dicloxacillin, cephalexin, clindamycin, doxicillin, minocycline, trimetoprim / sulfamethoxazole, and macrolides are optional, but penicillin is not.