Safety Evaluation of Acute and Subacute Dermal Toxicity Potential against Penoxsulam Herbicide in Wistar Rats

Aims: The present experiment was conducted (comparative study) to determine the effect of single and repeated exposure of Penoxsulam herbicide by topical route. Study Design: To assess acute toxicity, rats were topically exposed by Penoxsulam at 2000 mg/kg body weight and all the animals were observed for 14 days experiment period while, in Subacute toxicity , the rats were topically exposed with Penoxsulam at three multiple dose levels; 200, 500, 1000 mg/kg body. weight once daily for 28 days. Place and Duration of Study: Toxicology department, Shriram Institute for Industrial Research, Delhi (INDIA), June 2018 and June 2019. Methodology: Acute study was carried out in 10 wistar rats and in subacute study the wistar rats were divided into 4 groups i.e., control group, low dose group, middle group, high dose group; 5 male and 5 female rats/ group at the age of 2-3 kg were exposed over a period of 28 days. After dose application the patch was removed and the test site were cleaned with cotton moistened with distilled water. Results: In both toxicity study found that there were no clinical signs of skin reactions (Draize method) and no significant P>0.05 changes were observed in Bodyweight, Biochemistry, and Histopathology among the treated as well as in control group of animals. Therefore, data of this study supports that topical exposure of Penoxsulam in rats were shown normal histology of liver, kidney, and skin at the multiple doses besides this; Penoxsulam does not have potential to produce acute and subacute adverse systemic toxic reaction to the animals. Conclusion: Therefore, data of this study supports that topical exposure of Penoxsulam in rats were shown normal histology of liver, kidney, and skin at the multiple doses besides this; Penoxsulam does not have potential to produce acute and subacute adverse systemic toxic reaction to the animals.