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Distribution of Epididymal Involvement in Mumps Epididymo‐orchitis
Author(s) -
Park Seong Jin,
Kim Hyun Cheol,
Lim Joo Won,
Moon Sung Kyoung,
Ahn Sung Eun
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of ultrasound in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 91
eISSN - 1550-9613
pISSN - 0278-4297
DOI - 10.7863/ultra.34.6.1083
Subject(s) - medicine , hypervascularity , epididymis , vascularity , echogenicity , orchitis , rete testis , hydrocele , anatomy , pathology , surgery , andrology , radiology , ultrasound , sperm
Objectives To evaluate characteristic sonographic findings for mumps orchitis with epididymal involvement. Methods This study included 18 patients (aged 12–18 years) with mumps orchitis. We assessed the volume, echogenicity, and vascularity of the testes and the transverse diameter, echogenicity, and vascularity of the epididymal head, body, and tail. We classified 4 types of epididymal involvement: 1A, focal swelling of the epididymal head with hypervascularity only on the swollen head; 1B, focal swelling of the epididymal head with hypervascularity on the entire epididymis; 1C, diffuse swelling of the entire epididymis with hypervascularity; and 2, no epididymal involvement. The Student t test was used to evaluate the significance of the size of each part of the epididymis and the epididymal head‐to‐tail diameter ratio. Results Orchitis was unilateral in 13 patients and bilateral in 5. Of 23 affected hemiscrotums, 7 (30.4%) were type 1A, 4 (17.4%) type 1B, 2 (8.7%) type 1C, and 10 (43.5%) type 2. In 11 patients with unilateral epididymal involvement, the mean diameters ± SDs of the epididymal heads on the affected and contralateral sides were 1.11 ± 0.19 (range, 0.7–1.7) and 0.65 ± 0.14 (0.3–0.9) cm (significantly different, P <.001). The diameters of the epididymal tails on the affected and contralateral sides were 0.51 ± 0.41 (0.2–0.8) and 0.46 ± 0.21 (0.3–0.6) cm (not statistically different, P = .106). The mean head‐to‐tail ratios on the affected and contralateral sides were 2.28 ± 0.49 (1.29–3.00) and 1.41 ± 0.22 (1.00–1.75; significantly different, P < .001). In all types 1A and 1B, the ratio was higher than 2.00; in 22 of 23 unaffected epididymides, the ratio was lower than 2.00. Conclusions Focal swelling of epididymal heads was a characteristic sonographic finding of mumps epididymo‐orchitis, and a head‐to‐tail ratio higher than 2.00 can be a useful diagnostic finding.