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Effect of Low‐Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7–Induced Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Nonunion Tissue‐Derived Cells In Vitro
Author(s) -
Koga Takaaki,
Lee Sang Yang,
Niikura Takahiro,
Koh Akihiro,
Dogaki Yoshihiro,
Okumachi Etsuko,
Akisue Toshihiro,
Kuroda Ryosuke,
Kurosaka Masahiro
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of ultrasound in medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.574
H-Index - 91
eISSN - 1550-9613
pISSN - 0278-4297
DOI - 10.7863/ultra.32.6.915
Subject(s) - nonunion , low intensity pulsed ultrasound , bone morphogenetic protein 2 , medicine , alkaline phosphatase , bone morphogenetic protein , mesenchymal stem cell , bone healing , microbiology and biotechnology , in vitro , pathology , anatomy , biology , ultrasound , biochemistry , therapeutic ultrasound , gene , radiology , enzyme
Objectives Low‐intensity pulsed ultrasound (US) has been shown to have positive effects on the healing of nonunions, and bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP‐7) is known to be a strong stimulator of osteogenic differentiation. Recently, we showed that nonunion tissue contains multilineage mesenchymal progenitor cells, suggesting that nonunion tissue–derived cells may play an important role during the healing process of nonunions. In this study, we investigated whether low‐intensity pulsed US promoted BMP‐7–induced osteogenic differentiation of nonunion tissue–derived cells in vitro. Methods Nonunion tissue–derived cells were isolated from 7 patients. The cells were divided into two groups: (1) BMP‐7 alone, consisting of nonunion tissue–derived cells cultured in osteogenic medium containing BMP‐7 without low‐intensity pulsed US treatment; and (2) BMP‐7 + low‐intensity pulsed US, consisting of nonunion tissue–derived cells cultured in osteogenic medium containing BMP‐7 with low‐intensity pulsed US treatment. The osteogenic differentiation potential and proliferation of nonunion tissue–derived cells were compared between the two groups. Results The alkaline phosphatase activity, gene expression levels of alkaline phosphatase and runt‐related transcription factor 2, and mineralization were higher in the BMP‐7 + low‐intensity pulsed US group than in the BMP‐7–alone group. There was no significant difference in cell proliferation between the two groups. Conclusions These findings show a significant effect of low‐intensity pulsed US on the osteogenic differentiation of nonunion tissue–derived cells induced by BMP‐7. This study may provide substantial evidence for the clinical combined application of BMP‐7 and low‐intensity pulsed US for nonunion treatment.