Open AccessConcurrent Occurrence of Cytomegalovirus Retinitis and Oesophagitis in an Immunocompromised Male Patient
Author(s) -
Aishwarya Ghule,
Sourya Acharya,
Samarth Shukla,
Yogendra Oke,
Sree Kartik Pratapa
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of clinical and diagnostic research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2249-782X
pISSN - 0973-709X
DOI - 10.7860/jcdr/2021/47220.14684
Subject(s) - retinitis , medicine , cytomegalovirus , dysphagia , gastroenterology , cytomegalovirus retinitis , enteritis , immunology , aids related opportunistic infections , opportunistic infection , chorioretinitis , viral disease , human cytomegalovirus , virus , herpesviridae , surgery , sida , ophthalmology
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a double-stranded Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) virus which causes severe disease in immunocompromised individuals. Chorioretinitis accounts for 80-90% of CMV infection in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) having CD4 (Cluster of Differentiation) counts <50 μ/mL, and rarely in those with CD4 counts more than 100 μ/mL. In developing countries, CMV infection is known to cause blindness in 5-25% of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected individuals. After colitis, oesophagitis is the most common Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) manifestation of CMV in immunocompromised individuals. In immunocompetent individuals the disease associated with CMV is often self-limiting. So, authors presented a case report of 40-year-old HIV infected male, with CD4 count of 75 μ/mL, having complaints of dysphagia and concomitant blindness. On the basis of an array of investigations, he was diagnosed as having CMV retinitis with oesophagitis. He had a predictable outcome after treatment with Gancyclovir (GCV). Thus, in immunocompromised individuals, especially with a CD4 count <100 μ/mL, surveillance of oesophagitis and retinitis with endoscopic and fundoscopic interventions, respectively, must be done. This can help in improving life expectancy in such individuals.