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Background  The WRKY gene family plays important roles in plant biological functions and has been identified in many plant species. With the publication of the Tartary buckwheat genome, the evolutionary characteristics of the WRKY gene family can be systematically explored and the functions of  Fagopyrum tataricum WRKY  ( FtWRKY ) genes in the growth and development of this plant also can be predicted.    Methods  In this study, the  FtWRKY  genes were identified by the BLASTP method, and HMMER, SMART, Pfam and InterPro were used to determine whether the  FtWRKY  genes contained conserved domains. The phylogenetic trees including  FtWRKY  and  WRKY  genes in other plants were constructed by the neighbor-joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. The intron and exon structures of the  FtWRKY  genes were analyzed by the gene structure display server, and the motif compositions were analyzed by MEME. Chromosome location information of  FtWRKY  genes was obtained with gff files and sequencing files, and visualized by Circos, and the collinear relationship was analyzed by Dual synteny plotter software. The expression levels of 26  FtWRKY  genes from different groups in roots, leaves, flowers, stems and fruits at the green fruit, discoloration and initial maturity stage were measured through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis.    Results  A total of 76  FtWRKY  genes identified from the Tartary buckwheat genome were divided into three groups.  FtWRKY  genes in the same group had similar gene structures and motif compositions. Despite the lack of tandem-duplicated gene pairs, there were 23 pairs of segmental-duplicated gene pairs. The synteny gene pairs of  FtWRKY  genes and  Glycine max WRKY  genes were the most.  FtWRKY42  was highly expressed in roots and may perform similar functions as its homologous gene  AtWRKY75 , playing a role in lateral root and hairy root formation.  FtWRKY9 ,  FtWRKY42  and  FtWRKY60  were highly expressed in fruits and may play an important role in fruit development.    Conclusion  We have identified several candidate  FtWRKY  genes that may perform critical functions in the development of Tartary buckwheat root and fruit, which need be verified through further research. Our study provides useful information on  WRKY  genes in regulating growth and development and establishes a foundation for screening  WRKY  genes to improve Tartary buckwheat quality.

peerj

Genome-wide investigation of WRKY transcription factors in Tartary buckwheat (<i>Fagopyrum tataricum</i>) and their potential roles in regulating growth and development

Genome-wide investigation of WRKY transcription factors in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) and their potential roles in regulating growth and development