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Valine-glutamine (VQ) proteins are plant-specific proteins that play crucial roles in plant development as well as biotic and abiotic stress responses.  VQ  genes have been identified in various plants; however, there are no systematic reports in  Cicer arietinum  or  Medicago truncatula . Herein, we identified 19 and 32  VQ  genes in  C. arietinum  and  M. truncatula , respectively. A total of these  VQ  genes were divided into eight groups (I–VIII) based on phylogenetic analysis. Gene structure analyses and motif patterns revealed that these  VQ  genes might have originated from a common ancestor. In silico analyses demonstrated that these  VQ  genes were expressed in different tissues. qRT-PCR analysis indicated that the  VQ  genes were differentially regulated during multiple abiotic stresses. This report presents the first systematic analysis of  VQ  genes from  C. arietinum  and  M. truncatula  and provides a solid foundation for further research of the specific functions of VQ proteins.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the VQ gene family in Cicer arietinum and Medicago truncatula