Open AccessExosomes and ferroptosis: roles in tumour regulation and new cancer therapies
Author(s) -
Yixin Shi,
Bingrun Qiu,
Linyang Huang,
Jie Lin,
Yiling Li,
Yiting Ze,
ChengLong Huang,
Yang Yao
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
peerj
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.927
H-Index - 70
ISSN - 2167-8359
DOI - 10.7717/peerj.13238
Subject(s) - microvesicles , exosome , gpx4 , cancer research , lipid peroxidation , cancer , cancer cell , biology , medicine , chemistry , microrna , oxidative stress , biochemistry , gene , glutathione peroxidase , catalase
Research on the biological role of exosomes is rapidly developing, and recent evidence suggests that exosomal effects involve ferroptosis. Exosomes derived from different tissues inhibit ferroptosis, which increases tumour cell chemoresistance. Therefore, exosome-mediated regulation of ferroptosis may be leveraged to design anticancer drugs. This review discusses three pathways of exosome-mediated inhibition of ferroptosis: (1) the Fenton reaction; (2) the ferroptosis defence system, including the Xc-GSH-GPX4 axis and the FSP1/CoQ 10 /NAD(P)H axis; and (3) lipid peroxidation. We also summarize three recent approaches for combining exosomes and ferroptosis in oncology therapy: (1) promoting exosome-inhibited ferroptosis to enhance chemotherapy; (2) encapsulating exosomes with ferroptosis inducers to inhibit cancers; and (3) developing therapies that combine exosomal inhibitors and ferroptosis inducers. This review will contribute toward establishing effective cancer therapies.