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Background  The one-humped camels are economically important for several countries in Africa, Asia, and the Arabian Peninsula. Coccidiosis causes significant economic impact. Studies on coccidian parasite species causing such infections are limited. The present study aimed to carry out a survey of  Eimeria  spp. in camels from Riyadh and Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia .Methods  A total of 209 fecal samples from  Camelus  ( C. )  dromedarius  slaughtered in West Abattoir in Riyadh and Onaizah Modern abattoir in Al-Qassim were collected. Samples were examined by flotation methods and oocyst sporulation.    Results  Of the 209 examined fecal samples, 75 were positive for  Eimeria  spp..The prevalence of oocysts in Riyadh and Al-Qassim were 33.89% (40/118) and 38.46% (35/92), respectively. The prevalence in young male camels was 41.02% (32/78) and 39.62% (21/53), respectively and in adult males was 19.35% (6/31) and 36% (9/25), respectively. Adult females displayed a prevalence of 22.22% (2/9) and 38.46% (5/13) in Riyadh and Al-Qassim, respectively. Three  Eimeria  spp. were identified;  E. cameli ,  E. rajasthani , and  E. pellerdyi . The presence of  E. pellerdyi  is considered the first record in Saudi Arabia.

Prevalence of eimeriosis in the one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) from Riyadh and Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia