Strong field photoelectron holography studied by a generalized quantum-trajectory Monte Carlo method

Strong-field photoelectron holography encodes detailed temporal and spatial information about both theelectron and ion dynamics. Here, we review a series of numerical studies of strong-field photoelectron holographyin atoms and molecules by a generalized quantum-trajectory Monte Carlo method. By comparingthe generalized quantum-trajectory Monte Carlo simulationwiththe numerical solution of thetime-dependent Schrdinger equation, we demonstrate that, in the nonadiabatic tunneling regime, pronounced nonadiabatic effects occur which manifest in the energy cutoff of the holographic interference structure. Moreover, we found that a profound ring-like pattern can be observed in the deep tunneling ionization regime. Theappearance of the ring-like interference pattern masks the holographic interference structure. In contrast to the tunneling regime, the long-range Coulomb potential is found to play an essential role in the formation of the photoelectron holography in the nonadiabatic tunneling regime.