Open AccessCharacterization of pasteurized milk spoilage by electronic nose in relation to its selected quality parameters
Author(s) -
Saleem Ehsan,
Zahir AlAttabi,
Nasser Al-Habsi,
Michel R. Claereboudt,
Mohammad Shafiur Rahman
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of food studies
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.239
H-Index - 11
ISSN - 2182-1054
DOI - 10.7455/ijfs/10.2.2021.a9
Subject(s) - titratable acid , electronic nose , food spoilage , pasteurization , shelf life , food science , chemistry , cold storage , mathematics , biology , bacteria , genetics , neuroscience , horticulture
Pasteurized fresh milk requires an accurate estimation of shelf life under various conditions to minimize the risk of spoilage and product losses. Milk samples were stored for 56 h in an oven at 25°C and for 15 days in a refrigerator at 4°C. Samples were analyzed using an electronic nose (e-nose), total bacterial count, titratable acidity and pH to determine the quality of milk. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) were used to analyze e-nose data of milk stored at 25°C, and 4°C. A clear shift in quality was identified by the e-nose, which also appeared in the total bacterial count after 24 h and 12 days for storage at 25 and 4°C, respectively. On the other hand, titratable acidity exceeded the normal limits of 0.14 % - 0.21 % after 24 h for storage at 25°C (0.247 ± 0.006 %) and after 15 days for storage at 4°C (0.25 ± 0.01 %). If pH was a good indicator of quality for samples stored at 25°C, it showed no clear trends for samples stored at 4°C. Based on the microbial count data and e-nose output, the milk had a shelf life of 0.3 day (i.e. 8 h) when stored at 25°C. Shelf life was extended to 9 days when stored at 4°C.