Peculiarities of the matter of philosophy in the works of P. I. Linitsky

The subject of this research is the doctrine of the representative of Kiev Theological Academy, prominent “Orthodox rationalist” Peter Ivanovich Linitsky on the matter of philosophy. Based on the analysis of his separate work, the conclusions are made on the essence of philosophy, its matter, tasks and role in life of the society. Attention is given to determination by the Russian scholars of universality of the nature of philosophy, its special place among other sciences. The philosopher sees the central objective of science in the development of general worldview, believing that this essential task stems from the nature of human mind, which seeks uniformity in cognition, as well as incorporation of the particular with the general. The article employs the spiritual-culturological approach in combination with dialectical approach, as well as  methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization. This article is first to describe and analyze the philosophical-theistic views of the Professor of Kiev Theological Academy Peter Ivanovich Linitsky on the matter of philosophy and its specificity as a science. The author determines the attempt of incorporating the philosophy and religion into a close union, which ensures the integrity and completeness of human cognition.