Open AccessAbstract: The work analyses the formation of the Portuguese language and its literary and historical parallels with Castilian and Catalan. With this aim, we first contextualize the linguistic and literary trajectory of Iberian-Romance languages, in order to highlight similarities and diff erences in Hispania. As case studies, we consider three authors who elevated and enhanced the Portuguese language of their own time: Pedro de Barcelos (1287-1354), with Crónica Geral de Espanha de 1344, the Jesuit and priest Antonio Vieira (1608-1697), with Sermão vigésimo do Rosário, and the Parnassian poet Olavo Bilac (1865-1918), with the poem Profissão de Fé.
Key words: Comparative History of Literature, Castilian, Catalan, Count D. Pedro de Barcelos, Antônio Vieira, Olavo Bilac.