Open AccessGreenhouse gas emission in Cattle Livestock System, the challenge in quantification and mitigation strategies: meta-synthesis
Author(s) -
Valéria Cristina Rodrigues Sarnighausen,
Ana Carolina de Sousa Silva,
Sérgio Oliveira Moraes
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
revista ibero-americana de ciências ambientais
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2179-6858
DOI - 10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2021.001.0034
Subject(s) - greenhouse gas , environmental science , livestock , climate change , climate change mitigation , agriculture , anaerobic digestion , global warming , sustainability , methane , business , natural resource economics , environmental resource management , ecology , economics , biology
Emission factors are references to compose future projections related to global emissions, climate change, and sustainable practice. The inventories are commonly based on theoretical standard emission factors according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and European Monitoring and Evaluation Program, which is susceptible to uncertainties. Global demand for livestock productions tends to grow by about 70% by the year 2050. Ammonia and nitrous oxide produced by bovine waste constitutes 40% of the anthropogenic production of GHG. Emissions related to enteric fermentation and waste represent 80% of methane emissions from agriculture or almost 40% of global emissions. This pressure on producers and natural resources will require sustainable management as a mitigation process. In order to identify the main challenges of the quantification of greenhouse gas emissions from cattle livestock, we developed a qualitative meta-synthesis of scientific experimental studies, and we find an integrated assessment related to 53 papers. The result shows the challenges of scientific research in standardizing methodologies and clarifying the gaps in relation to emissions from cattle raising sources. The mitigation strategy that can actually be used in the short term to reduce emissions from waste is the anaerobic digestion process. Reducing enteric methane emissions through diet modification still presents numerous challenges. Quantification of greenhouse gas emission and mitigation potential, in loco, are necessary to better elucidate the effects of diets and management of the animal production system, to promote technical orientations at the farm level.