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What Should I Know About Membrane Integrity Testing to Comply With LT2ESWTR?
Author(s) -
Liu Charles
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
opflow
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1551-8701
pISSN - 0149-8029
DOI - 10.5991/opf.2012.38.0049
Subject(s) - membrane integrity , structural integrity , ultrafiltration (renal) , membrane , microfiltration , surface integrity , agency (philosophy) , environmental science , engineering , chemistry , chromatography , mechanical engineering , biochemistry , philosophy , structural engineering , epistemology , machining
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) published the Long‐Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2ESWTR) more than six years ago. To comply with the rule, many utilities have chosen low‐pressure membranes ‐ microfiltration and ultrafiltration ‐ which are effective for pathogen removal as long as membrane integrity is intact. However, membrane integrity must be verified. This article sums up the basics of membrane integrity testing in 10 questions and answers.