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Nitrosamine precursor and DOM control in an effluent‐affected drinking water
Author(s) -
Liao Xiaobin,
Wang Chengkun,
Wang Jun,
Zhang Xiaojian,
Chen Chao,
Krasner Stuart W.,
Suffet I.H. Mel
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal ‐ american water works association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.466
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1551-8833
pISSN - 0003-150X
DOI - 10.5942/jawwa.2014.106.0052
Subject(s) - n nitrosodimethylamine , chemistry , effluent , environmental chemistry , nitrosamine , carcinogen , dissolved organic carbon , organic matter , ozone , wastewater , chloramination , yangtze river , organic chemistry , environmental engineering , environmental science , chlorine , chloramine , political science , law , china
Some N ‐nitrosamines are probable human carcinogens and disinfection by‐products. This study focused on a wastewater‐affected drinking water supply in the Yangtze River Delta, China, that was highly dominated by low‐molecular‐weight organic matter, aromatic proteins, and soluble microbial products (SMPs) and low in humic substances. The study water presented a unique opportunity to investigate treatment processes for controlling an array of nitrosamines because it contained precursors for five N ‐nitrosamines [ N ‐nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), N ‐nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), N ‐nitrosopiperidine, N ‐nitrosomorpholine, and N ‐nitrosopyrrolidine] whereas only NDMA precursors have been detected in most North American waters. Although conventional processes removed only low levels of precursors, advanced treatment processes effectively removed precursors as well as aromatic proteins and SMPs. Ozone destroyed and/or transformed precursors (e.g., median of 45% for NDMA and 22% for NDEA). Granular activated carbon proved more effective in removing precursors (e.g., median of 88% for NDMA and 83% for NDEA) than in removing bulk dissolved organic carbon (median ~ 60%).