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Transesterification of Soybean Oil to Biodiesel by Anionic and Cationic Ion Exchange Resins
Author(s) -
Erica Vanessa Albuquerque de Oliveira,
Luciana C. Costa,
Dominiki M. Thomaz,
Marcos Heil Costa,
Luiz C. Santa Maria
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
revista virtual de química
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.209
H-Index - 14
ISSN - 1984-6835
DOI - 10.5935/1984-6835.20150138
Subject(s) - transesterification , cationic polymerization , soybean oil , biodiesel , chemistry , ion exchange , ion exchange resin , organic chemistry , pulp and paper industry , ion , catalysis , food science , engineering
Este trabalho reporta os resultados da avaliação das resinas comerciais Amberlyst 15Wet (resina catiônica) e Amberlyst-26OH (resina aniônica), ambas de estrutura macroporosa, na reação de transesterificação de óleo de soja com metanol e etanol. A influência das condições reacionais, tais como o tipo e quantidade de catalisador, tempo de reação, razão molar álcool e óleo foram investigadas. A resina aniônica mostrou-se mais eficiente do que a resina catiônica para a produção de EMAGs (ésteres metílicos de ácidos graxos) e EEAGs (ésteres etílicos de ácidos graxos). A conversão de óleo de soja em EMAGs empregando a resina aniônica foi de 100%, usando 12,5 mol % de resina, razão metanol:óleo 100:1 e tempo reacional de 8 horas. Os ésteres metílicos puderam ser classificados como biodiesel de acordo com as normas das Agência Nacional de Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biodiesel (ANP), normas europeias (EM) e Sociedade Americana para Testes e Materiais (ASTM): ANP 14 (2012), ANP 07 (2008), ASTM 6751(2008) e EN 14214 (2003). Para os ésteres etílicos, alguns parâmetros como viscosidade, teor de água e de glicerina necessitam ser otimizados. DOI: 10.5935/1984-6835.20150138This work reports the results of the evaluation of the commercial resins Amberlyst 15Wet (cationic resin) and Amberlyst-26OH (anionic resin), both with macroporous structures, on batch transesterification reactions of Brazilian soybean oil with methanol and ethanol. The influence of reaction conditions, such as type and amount of catalyst, reaction time and alcohol to oil molar ratio were investigated. The anionic resin was more efficient than the cationic resin for production of FAME (fatty-acid methyl esters) and FAEE (fatty-acid ethyl esters). The soybean oil conversion into FAME by employing the anionic resin was 100% employing 12.5 mol % of resin, methanol to soybean oil mole ratio of 100:1 and reaction time of 8 h. The methyl esters produced can be classified as biodiesel according to the standards of the Brazilian National Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels Agency (ANP), European Standards (EN)  and American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM): ANP 14 (2012), ANP 07 (2008), ASTM 6751(2008) and EN 14214 (2003). For ethyl esters, some parameters, such as viscosity, water content and total glycerin, need to be optimized. DOI: 10.5935/1984-6835.2015013

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