Open AccessSOCIETAL SECURITY IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION: THE RUSSIAN PERSPECTIVE
Author(s) -
Alexander Sergunin
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
baltic region/the baltic region
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2310-0524
pISSN - 2079-8555
DOI - 10.5922/2079-8555-2021-3-1
Subject(s) - political science , political economy , terrorism , neoliberalism (international relations) , national security , economy , development economics , sociology , economics , law
This study discusses whether the concept of societal security is embedded in the Russian official and informal discourses as well as in the Russian strategic documents on national security and the Baltic Sea region. Particularly, the paper describes four paradigms of international relations (neorealism, neoliberalism, globalism and postpositivism) and theoretical approaches to the concept of societal security formulated in them. On a practical plane, Russia managed to develop — together with other regional players — a common regional approach to the understanding of societal security threats and challenges in the Baltic Sea region. These challenges include uneven regional development, social and gender inequalities, unemployment, poverty, manifestations of intolerance, religious and political extremism, separatism, large-scale migration, inconsistencies in education systems, climate change, natural and man-made catastrophes, transnational organized crime and cybercrime, international terrorism, so-called hybrid threats, etc. Russia and other Baltic countries agreed that the Council of the Baltic Sea States should be a proper regional institution to implement a common societal security strategy exemplified by the Baltic 2030 Agenda Action Plan (2017).