Perfil químico e atividades antioxidante e antifúngica do óleo essencial da flor de Cochlospermum regium (Mart. ex Schrank.) –Pilg. (Bixaceae)

The Cerradodomain has numerous plant species that naturally produce essential oils, that are include in one of several classes of secondary metabolites. The objective of this study was to characterize the chemical composition and to evaluate the antioxidant and antifungal activities of the essential oil from Cochlospermum regiumflowers. The flowers from C. regiumwere collected in an area of Cerrado, in Rio Verde/GO, Brazil. To extract the essential oil, 100 g of flowers were used, and then they were subjected to hydrodistillation in Clevenger-type apparatus, and the essential oil yield, determined in percentage. Then, the essential oil was analyzed for composition by gas chromatography with coupled mass spectrometry GC-MS, and determined as to the antioxidant potential in reducing DPPH and, as antifungal by agar diffusion in the isolate from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The essential oil was analyzed by gas chromatograph associated with mass spectrometry CG-MS and its antioxidant potential was evaluated by the free radical sequestration technique DPPH. The average yield of essential oil was 0.10%. 32 compounds were identified, in especially majority caryophyllene E 9.76%, γ-muurolene 16.69% and bicyclogermacrene 39.82%. The antioxidant activity showed 100% reduction in the DPPH radical, for concentrations between 50 to 2 mg mL-1, and reductions of 85.77 to 13.18% (IC50) for concentrations 1 to 0.031 mg mL-1of the essential oil. It is concluded that the essential oil from C. regiumshowed low yield, however, it contains many hydrocarbon and oxygenated sesquiterpenes compounds, presenting itself as an exceptional natural antioxidant and antifungal agent in the fight against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Thus, the essential oil of theflowers from C. regiumpresents itself as strong candidate for new research that can be applied in the areas from health, agricultural and foods.