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Antiphospholipid syndrome: a clinical review
Author(s) -
Mezhov Veronica,
Segan Julian D,
Tran Huyen,
Cicuttini Flavia M
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
medical journal of australia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.904
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1326-5377
pISSN - 0025-729X
DOI - 10.5694/mja2.50262
Subject(s) - medicine , antithrombotic , hydroxychloroquine , antiphospholipid syndrome , lupus anticoagulant , thrombosis , pregnancy , venous thrombosis , systemic lupus erythematosus , disease , covid-19 , biology , infectious disease (medical specialty) , genetics
Summary Antiphospholipid syndrome is characterised by recurrent thrombosis (arterial, venous, microvascular) and/or pregnancy complications in the presence of persistent antiphospholipid antibodies (lupus anticoagulant, anti‐β2‐glycoprotein 1 and anticardiolipin). It can be a primary disease or associated with another autoimmune disease (especially systemic lupus erythematosis). Testing for antiphospholipid antibodies should be considered in patients < 50 years of age with unprovoked venous or arterial thromboembolism, thrombosis at unusual sites or pregnancy complications. The mainstay of treatment is antithrombotic therapy and recommendations vary based on arterial, venous or pregnancy complications. If associated with systemic lupus erythematosis, hydroxychloroquine is recommended both as primary and secondary prophylaxis. Antithrombotic treatment is gold standard and effective.