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Improving drug safety by locating genetic markers for hypersensitivity reactions
Author(s) -
Ronaldson Kathlyn J,
McNeil John J
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
medical journal of australia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.904
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1326-5377
pISSN - 0025-729X
DOI - 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2009.tb02594.x
Subject(s) - abacavir , pharmacogenetics , medicine , carbamazepine , drug , hypersensitivity reaction , drug reaction , human leukocyte antigen , adverse drug reaction , delayed hypersensitivity , immunology , genotype , pharmacology , antigen , genetics , biology , psychiatry , gene , hepatitis b virus , virus , lamivudine , epilepsy
Individuals vary in their response to a medication with regard to efficacy and adverse effects. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region of DNA offers the key to predicting drug hypersensitivity reactions. Single nucleotide polymorphisms for hypersensitivity reactions with carbamazepine, abacavir and allopurinol have been identified. A randomised controlled trial demonstrated the effectiveness of prospective screening for the predisposing genetic marker in preventing all cases of the hypersensitivity reaction with abacavir. Further pharmacogenetic investigation of hypersensitivity reactions could be conducted in Australia by establishing a network of sentinel hospitals.