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Mycobacterium bovis (BCG) vaccination: Progressive disease in a patient asymptomatically infected with the human immunodeficiency virus
Author(s) -
Lumb Richard,
Shaw David
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
medical journal of australia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.904
H-Index - 131
eISSN - 1326-5377
pISSN - 0025-729X
DOI - 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1992.tb139753.x
Subject(s) - medicine , vaccination , mycobacterium bovis , immunology , ethambutol , isoniazid , tuberculosis , mycobacterium tuberculosis , bcg vaccine , virology , pathology
Objective: To report a case of progressive disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis after BCG vaccination in a patient asymptomatically infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Clinical features: A 34‐year‐old white man about to commence employment as a developmental care worker had a BCG vaccination. Five months later, he had a positive result to a serological test for HIV antibody. Nine months after BCG vaccination, he presented with fever (38.7°C), a large left axillary lymph node and a small left pleural effusion. The lymph node was biopsied and acid‐fast bacilli observed in Ziehl‐Neelsen stained smears. Culture grew Mycobacterium bovis (BCG). Treatment and outcome: He was successfully treated with isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol for a period of nine months. Conclusion: BCG vaccination Of asymptomatic HIV‐positive patients is not recommended. The detection of those at risk for HIV infection before vaccination administration is essential. Self‐exclusion based on information supplied to all potential recipients is likely to be the most effective method.