Open AccessEndogenous mechanisms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation
Author(s) -
Agata Sarniak,
Joanna Lipińska,
K Tytman,
S Lipińska
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
postępy higieny i medycyny doświadczalnej
Language(s) - Uncategorized
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.275
H-Index - 34
eISSN - 1732-2693
pISSN - 0032-5449
DOI - 10.5604/17322693.1224259
Subject(s) - respiratory burst , reactive oxygen species , nadph oxidase , peroxisome , mitochondrial respiratory chain , microbiology and biotechnology , mitochondrion , oxidative phosphorylation , respiratory chain , mitochondrial ros , xanthine oxidase , biochemistry , phagocyte , chemistry , oxidase test , biology , enzyme , receptor , phagocytosis
The main cellular source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is mitochondrial respiratory chain and active NADPH responsible for "respiratory burst" of phagocytes. Whatsmore ROS are produced in endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes, with the participation of xanthine and endothelial oxidase and during autoxidation process of small molecules. Mitochondrial respiratory chain is the main cellular source of ROS. It is considered that in aerobic organisms ROS are mainly formed during normal oxygen metabolism, as byproducts of oxidative phosphorylation, during the synthesis of ATP. The intermembranous phagocyte enzyme - activated NADPH oxidase, responsible for the "respiratory burst" of phagocytes, which is another source of ROS, plays an important role in defense of organism against infections. The aim of this article is to resume actuall knowledge about structure and function of the mitochondrial electron transport chain in which ROS are the byproducts and about NADPH oxidase as well as the function of each of its components in the "respiratory burst" of phagocytes.