Open AccessETA’s terrorist activities – historical background and contemporary times
Author(s) -
M. S. Kubiak,
Wioleta Iwanowska
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
scientific journal of the military university of land forces
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2545-0719
pISSN - 2544-7122
DOI - 10.5604/01.3001.0013.2595
Subject(s) - terrorism , extortion , political science , organised crime , law enforcement , negotiation , independence (probability theory) , law , government (linguistics) , criminology , sociology , linguistics , statistics , philosophy , mathematics
Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) was a terrorist organization fighting for the independence of the Basque Country from under the rule of Spain. It was created in 1959 by members of the Basque Nationalist Party (PNV). The terrorist attacks carried out by it were directed against the representatives of the authorities and law enforcement officers, but many civilians were also killed as a result of armed conflicts. The organization’s activity was financed mainly from extortion money, which was collected from entrepreneurs under the threat of death. Acts of violence have become everyday life for Spanish citizens. For this reason, the initially supported organization began to arouse reluctance and induce waves of protests against the methods it used. The Spanish government tried to negotiate and sign the ceasefire with the organization, however, it proved ineffective. The organization has repeatedly announced the suspension of fighting, and then carried out subsequent acts of terror. In 2011, ETA announced the end of military activity, and in 2017 its members finally gave up their arms. Most of the organization’s activists are currently in jail. ETA has killed 829 people since its inception.