Open AccessThe maintenance of genetic stability of embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells during anticancer therapies
Author(s) -
Ewelina Stelcer,
Magdalena Łukjanow,
Wiktoria Maria Suchorska
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
postępy higieny i medycyny doświadczalnej
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.275
H-Index - 34
eISSN - 1732-2693
pISSN - 0032-5449
DOI - 10.5604/01.3001.0010.7615
Subject(s) - induced pluripotent stem cell , dna repair , embryonic stem cell , dna damage , biology , stem cell , radiosensitivity , regenerative medicine , homologous recombination , cancer cell , base excision repair , cancer research , microbiology and biotechnology , cellular differentiation , cancer , genetics , radiation therapy , dna , medicine , gene
Regenerative medicine is a very rapidly developing discipline. Its progress contributes to elongatedlife expectancy and improved quality of life of patients suffering from so far incurablediseases. Stem cells (SCs) are undifferentiated cells that are able to undergo unlimited numberof cell divisions and differentiation into specialized cells. Therapies based on SCs constitutea relatively new and promising approach in regenerative medicine.Radiotherapy is the most often used method in the treatment of cancer. In the future, theusage of SCs will be connected with the inevitable exposure of SCs to ionizing radiation duringboth treatment and diagnosis. The issue of genetic stability of SCs and cells differentiated fromthem is crucial, particularly regarding the application of these cells in clinical practice. It isimportant to emphasize that differentiated and undifferentiated cells possess different cellcycle, metabolism, initial level of reactive oxygen species, DNA repair mechanisms, susceptibilityto apoptosis and frequency of mutations. All these factors contribute to the distinctradiosensitivity of SCs and differentiated cells.The aim of this study was to present the latest literature data concerning DNA repair mechanismsin pluripotent SCs (Homologous Recombination, Non-homologous End Joining, MismatchRepair, Base Excision Repair and Nucleotide Excision Repair) in response to the influence ofcyto- and genotoxic agents, such as ionizing radiation and chemotherapeutics. Evaluation theefficacy of DNA repair mechanisms is relevant for pluripotent SCs, because ineffective DNArepair mechanisms may result in the accumulation of mutations and, consequently, to cancer