Open AccessDifferences in the sex hormone levels in the menstrual cycle due to tobacco smoking - a myth or reality?
Author(s) -
Ewa Florek,
Wojciech Piekoszewski,
Agata Czarnywojtek,
Anna Sędziak,
Wojciech Jawień,
Anna Dera-Szymanowska,
Marta Szukalska,
Krzysztof Szymanowski,
Marek Chuchracki,
Marek Ruchała
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
endokrynologia polska
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.413
H-Index - 27
eISSN - 2299-8306
pISSN - 0423-104X
DOI - 10.5603/ep.a2021.0097
Subject(s) - menstrual cycle , physiology , medicine , cotinine , luteinizing hormone , hormone , tobacco smoke , follicle stimulating hormone , gynecology , nicotine , endocrinology , environmental health
Tobacco smoke contains, among others, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heterocyclic analogues, aromatic amines, N-nitrosamines, volatile hydrocarbons, aldehydes, phenols, miscellaneous organic compounds, metals, and inorganic compounds. Tobacco smoking can harm women's reproductive system and may reduce fertility. The objective of the study was to explore the effect of tobacco smoke on the menstrual cycle due to smoking and second-hand smoke-exposure.