Grzyby z rodzaju Ramularia występujące w Polsce [The Ramularia species in Poland]

The Ramularia species represent a big and interesting group among parasitic Hyphomycetes. In Poland have been collected so far 115 species: one on fern, three on 5 species of rust fungi and the remaining ones on angiosperms (on 304 species belonging to 38 families). The most common are:  R . geranii var. geranii , R. grevilleana var. grevilleana , R. inaequale and R. urticae . But more than 40% of all the species occur very seldom (they are known from 1-5 stands). The following examples be- long to this group: R. asplenii , R. asteris , R. keithii , R. minutissima and R. rhaetica . The biggest number of parasitic species are noted on the representatives of Asteraceae (17 species),  Scrophulariaceae (9), Rosaceae (7) and Polygonaceae (7). The best explored regions in Poland are situated in the south and south-east part of the country: Kraina Karpat Zachodnich, Kraina Południowomazowiecko-Podlaska and Kraina Dolnośląska. The Ramularia species are facultative saprotrophs. Anamorphs parasite on host plants and fungi, but known teleomorphs, belonging to Mycosphaerella genus, develop on plants remains. The vegeta- tive season indicates their occurrence limits. They start to grow in April, the biggest number of spe- cies are collected in summer and the end of vegetation in November, is the signal to stop producing spores. At that time they form sclerotia, perithecia or pass the winter as mycelium and conidia.