Open AccessFungi colonizing various organs of thyme Thymus vulgaris L. cultivated in the region of Lublin
Author(s) -
Z. Machowicz-Stefaniak,
Beata Zimowska,
Ewa Dorota Zalewska
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
acta agrobotanica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.4
H-Index - 9
eISSN - 2300-357X
pISSN - 0065-0951
DOI - 10.5586/aa.2002.018
Subject(s) - biology , agar , horticulture , phoma , fusarium , potato dextrose agar , crop , penicillium , botany , agar plate , inoculation , fungus , fungal growth , agronomy , bacteria , genetics
In 1998-2001, the healthiness of thyme cultivated in the region of Lublin was examined. Surveys were made on the one-year-old plantations of thyme at a stage of 6-week-old seedlings and just before the first harvest of the crop, as well as on the two-year-old plantations in spring and before the last harvest. The percentage of the plants showing fungal disease symptoms and the index of infection with fungi were determined. The fungi were isolated from superficially disinfected plant fragments namely from roots, bases of stem and leaves, separately, using mineral culture medium. PDA and SNA media were used to culture Fusarium spp., malt-agar and Czapek-Dox ones to culture Penicillium spp. and malt-agar, oat-agar and cherry-agar ones to culture Phoma spp. The percentage of plant infected with the fungi ranged within 12.18 and 23.05, in case of the one-year-old plantations, and within 29.91 and 43.65 in the two-year-old ones, whereas values of the index of infection ranged within 11.56 and 24.69 and within 20.75 and 43,28, respectively. Necroses were observed on roots and base of stems on one-year-old and two-year-old plantations, but in the last period of vegetation of thyme close to harvest. very often stems and leaves showed symptoms of a complete necrosis. It was found that base of stems and roots of thyme in the first and the second year of cultivation were colonized by a complex of pathogenic fungi:Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia solani, Thielaviopsis basicola were obtained from the major part of diseased plants. Among the Fusarium species colonizing bases of stems F.culmorum, F.avenaceum, F.equiseti and F.oxysporum dominated, but from roots of thyme most often F.oxysporum, F.equiseti and F.culmorum were isolated. From stems, and particularly from leaves of thyme showing dark spots, commonly Alternaria alternata was obtained. On the other hand, shoots and leaves, but rarely roots of thyme, were colonized by various species of Phoma, particularly by Phoma exigua var. exigua. Colletotrichum gleosporioides occurred rarely on thyme in the area surveyed