Open AccessTEORIJSKO UTEMELJENJE RAČUNALNIH SUSTAVA ZA PROFESIONALNO SAVJETOVANJE
Author(s) -
Toni Babarović,
Iva Šverko
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
društvena istraživanja/društvena istraživanja
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1848-6096
pISSN - 1330-0288
DOI - 10.5559/di.21.4.03
Subject(s) - congruence (geometry) , vocational education , career counseling , psychology , job satisfaction , career development , computer science , applied psychology , social psychology , pedagogy
U radu se razmatraju suvremeni računalni sustavi za profesionalno savjetovanje, njihovo teorijsko utemeljenje i glavne karakteristike. Najprije je opisan razvoj sustava za računalno potpomognuto profesionalno savjetovanje, s naglaskom na današnju generaciju internetskih savjetodavnih sustava. Zatim je objašnjen pojam kongruencije ili sklada pojedinca i radne okoline, prema kojem će pojedinci koji su odabrali karijeru u skladu sa svojim osobinama biti zadovoljniji poslom te uspješniji u radu. Iako je koncept kongruencije temelj računalnih sustava za profesionalno savjetovanje i diferencijalističkih teorija izbora zanimanja, rezultati najvažnijih metaanaliza sustavno upućuju na niske povezanosti kongruencije i zadovoljstva poslom. Navode se objašnjenja za takve nalaze, a kao moguće rješenje ističe se pristup kongruenciji preko aspekata posla i objašnjavaju se njegove specifičnosti. Na kraju se opisuje sedam najpoznatijih sustava za profesionalno savjetovanje preko interneta: Discover, SIGI, O*Net, Making Better Career Decisions, Vodič kroz zanimanja, Izbor zanimanja i Slikovno-opisni upitnik interesa.The paper examines modern computer-assisted career guidance systems, their main characteristics, as well as their theoretical foundation. First we describe the development of systems for computer-assisted career guidance, with the emphasis on the current generation of on-line counseling systems. Then the concept of congruence or person-environment fit is explained: the individuals who have chosen careers which are in accordance with their personal characteristics are more likely to be both satisfied with their jobs and successful at work. Although the concept of congruence is the main basis of theories of vocational choice and computer-assisted career guidance systems, the results of all important meta-analyses show a weak relationship between P-E congruence and job satisfaction. Possible explanations for this finding are identified and the aspect- -based approach is presented as a possible solution. Finally, seven best-known on-line systems for vocational counseling are described: Discover, SIGI, O*Net, Making Better Career Decisions, Careers Guide, Career Choice and Pictorial and Descriptive Interest Inventory