ETHNOLINGUISTIC FEATURES OF HISTORICAL AND MODERN PSEUDONYMS

The article touches upon the tradition of assigning Kazakh nicknames. The study will consider the nicknames of the khans-sultans, leaders, scientists, as well as the nicknames of contemporary art and sports figures. According to these stages, the reasons for the use of nicknames, motives and pragmatics, the continuity of traditions are determined. Attention new research in the field of nicknames, one of the branches of Kazakh anthroponymy. This will contribute to the revival of ethnolinguistic, historical and phonosemantic research in the field of onomastics. The study used comparative historical, descriptive methods. The lexical and semantic similarities of historical and modern nicknames, the continuity of traditions and historicity are revealed. Nicknames from ethnonyms and euphemisms are described as a special group of nicknames. It turned out that the origin of nicknames dates back to antiquity and is directly related to social structures. The research results can be used in ethnography, cultural linguistics and sociolinguistic research. The fact that nicknames are more common among men than among women is explained by the national mentality, as well as from the point of view of the national and human social structure. Attention is also paid to the role of the individual and society in the tradition of Kazakh nicknames. The place and function of nicknames in society are compared from the point of view of different eras. As a result, the lexico-semantic, pragmatic features and continuity of each era in nicknames were identified.