AKHMET BAITURSYNOV – THE FOUNDER OF KAZAKH SUPERSEGMENTAL PHONETICS

The article is devoted to the scientific heritage of the founder of Kazakh linguistics A. Baitursynov in the field of super-segmental phonetics. From the point of view of the teachings of A. Baitursynov, the main components of intonation, their functions in sounding speech are described. A detailed description is given to the components of intonation: melody, tempo, intensity, pause, timbre. The intonation specificity of the language is manifested in the choice of prosodic means and their interaction. According to A. Baitursynov, the Kazakh prosodic system is similar to the prosodic system of the French language rather than Russian. This is manifested in the nature of the Kazakh stress, which, like in French, falls on the end of the word, in contrast to the different-place Russian stress. The concept of intonation, the smallest functional unit of intonation, is explained. Intonema is a sign that has both form and content. The number of intones, as well as phonemes, is limited. On the basis of experimental-phonetic research, 8 intones of the Kazakh language were identified. The main function of an intonme is revealed, which serves to differentiate statements. Particular attention is paid to the intonation of poetic speech. The scientist introduced into scientific circulation such concepts as syllable, verse, line, rhythm through which poetic texts are described. The scientific contribution of the scientist to the development of functional grammar is analyzed. A. Baitursynov in his research examined the problems of the theory of discourse, for the first time in Kazakh linguistics he explored speech facts in a communicative-pragmatic aspect.