Enfermedades del intersticio pulmonar en niños menores de 2 años. Clasificación, diagnóstico y tratamiento Comité Nacional de Neumonología

Childhood interstitial lung diseases, which some authors refer to as diffuse diseases of the lung, constitute a group of entities that are characterized by remodeling of the interstitium and distal airspaces that cause disturbances of gas exchange in the lungs. While some entities have few symptoms and naturally evolve favorably, others are potentially lethal. Its etiology is very varied, including forms of genetic cause, infectious origin, associated with systemic diseases, drugs and some remain of unknown origin. At present, the development of genetic testing allows diagnosing a group of pathologies, avoiding sometimes a lung biopsy. Its treatment includes different immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory drugs, mainly corticosteroids and hydroxychloroquine, which aim to reduce inflammation, stabilize the disease and prevent the phenomena of remodeling and fibrosis. This consensus is focused on children under 2 years of age, because most of the new entities recently described are manifested at this age.