Open AccessDetermination of the Proximate Composition, Physicochemical Analysis and Characterization of Fatty Acid on the Seed and Oil of Gossypium Hirsutum
Author(s) -
S I Okonkwo,
Emmanuel Chukwuemeka Okafor
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
international journal of chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1916-9701
pISSN - 1916-9698
DOI - 10.5539/ijc.v8n3p57
Subject(s) - saponification value , chemistry , iodine value , stearic acid , oleic acid , fatty acid , erucic acid , proximate , food science , acid value , linoleic acid , linolenic acid , behenic acid , palmitic acid , saponification , saturated fatty acid , unsaturated fatty acid , organic chemistry , biochemistry
The proximate composition, physicochemical analysis and characterization of gossypium hirsutum seed and its oil was carried out. The parameters that were studied in proximate analysis include (percentage) % moisture, % crude protein, % crude fiber, % ash content, % lipid. The total % carbohydrate content of the seed was 30.49 + 0.4 and the estimated % energy value was 435.58. The chemical parameters analyzed on the oil include iodine value, saponification value, free fatty acid (FFA) value and % volatile matter. In the characterization of fatty acid present in the oil with GC-MS Spectroscopy system, the major unsaturated fatty acid values were 14.53% for oleic acid and 55.38% for linoleic acid while the palmitic acid and stearic acid values which were saturated acid are 27.39% and 2.23% respectively. The percentage values of the rest of the fatty acid present in the oil were very low. The parameters determined were within the international and Nigerian industrial standard for vegetable oil.