Open AccessInnate and adaptive immune responses against picornaviruses and their counteractions: An overview
Author(s) -
Andreas Dotzauer,
Leena Kraemer
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
world journal of virology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2220-3249
DOI - 10.5501/wjv.v1.i3.91
Subject(s) - immune system , rhinovirus , picornavirus , virology , biology , coxsackievirus , virus , innate immune system , immunology , acquired immune system , antigenic variation , enterovirus , rna , gene , genetics
Picornaviruses, small positive-stranded RNA viruses, cause a wide range of diseases which is based on their differential tissue and cell type tropisms. This diversity is reflected by the immune responses, both innate and adaptive, induced after infection, and the subsequent interactions of the viruses with the immune system. The defense mechanisms of the host and the countermeasures of the virus significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of the infections. Important human pathogens are poliovirus, coxsackievirus, human rhinovirus and hepatitis A virus. These viruses are the best-studied members of the family, and in this review we want to present the major aspects of the reciprocal effects between the immune system and these viruses.