Open AccessPhagocytic activity of monocytes and neutrophils in patients with periodontitis, whether or not associated to type 2 diabetes
Author(s) -
Priscilla Farias Naiff,
Selma As Kuckelhaus,
Shirley Claudino Pereira Couto,
Mariangela S. Oliveira,
Luander Medrado Santiago,
Andrea Cg Cascaes,
Larissa F Silva,
Laudimar Alves de Oliveira,
Daniela Corrêa Grisi,
Valéria M. A. Carneiro,
Maria do Carmo Machado Guimarães
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
acta odontológica latinoamericana/acta odontológica latinoamericana
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1852-4834
pISSN - 0326-4815
DOI - 10.54589/aol.34/3/201
Subject(s) - periodontitis , diabetes mellitus , medicine , type 2 diabetes , immunology , phagocytosis , superoxide , gastroenterology , endocrinology , biology , biochemistry , enzyme
Phagocytic functions by neutrophils/ monocytes and biochemical parameters were assessed in peripheral blood of patients with periodontitis, whether or not associated to type 2 diabetes, or patients with type 2 diabetes, or systemically healthy people. Fifty-eight participants were divided into four groups: Control – systemically and periodontally healthy patients (C, n=16), Periodontitis (P, n=14), Type 2 Diabetes (DM, n=11) and Periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes (DMP, n=17). Blood samples were used to analyze phagocytic activity and the production of superoxide anion using optical microscopy. Significantly lower phagocytic activity of neutrophils was observed in non-opsonized samples (p = 0.008, Kruskal- Wallis) of the periodontitis group and in opsonized samples (p = 0.029, Kruskal-Wallis) of the periodontitis associated with type 2 diabetes group when these groups were compared to the healthy individuals when a 20:1 yeast: phagocyte stimulus was used. Periodontitis patients, whether associated (p = 0.0007, sensitized; Kruskal-Wallis, 20:1) or not with diabetes (p = 0.018 and 0.0007, in the proportions 5:1 and 20:1 yeast: monocyte respectively in sensitized samples; Kruskal-Wallis) also showed lower phagocytic function of monocytes compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in the production of superoxide anion among the evaluated groups. Severe clinical attachment loss was associated with lower levels of HDL in periodontitis patients and a higher percentage of A1C in diabetes with periodontitis patients (p< 0.05; Pearson and Spearman correlations, respectively). Patients with both associated diseases had higher levels of triglycerides and CRP (p < 0.001, Kruskal-Wallis) compared to patients with diabetes only. The results of the present study suggest that periodontitis negatively interferes with the innate immune response and may represent a major risk of systemic complications such as cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients or even in healthy individuals.