Open AccessExploring Indonesia’s “low hospital bed utilization-low bed occupancy-high disease burden” paradox
Author(s) -
Niyi Awofeso,
Anu Rammohan,
Asmaripa Ainy
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
journal of hospital administration
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1927-7008
pISSN - 1927-6990
DOI - 10.5430/jha.v2n1p49
Subject(s) - occupancy , hospital bed , population , medicine , government (linguistics) , health care , socioeconomics , environmental health , demography , business , geography , economic growth , nursing , economics , ecology , linguistics , philosophy , sociology , biology
Indonesia’s current hospital bed to population ratio of 6.3/10,000 compares unfavourably with a global average of\ud30/10,000. Despite low hospital bed-to-population ratio and a significant “double burden” of disease, bed occupancy rates\udrange between 55% - 60% in both government and private hospitals in Indonesia, compared with over 80% hospital bed\udoccupancy rates for the South-East Asian region. Annual inpatient admission in Indonesia is, at 140/10,000 population, the\udlowest in the South East Asian region. Despite currently low utilisation rates, Indonesia’s Human Resources for Health\udDevelopment Plan 2011-2025 has among its objectives the expansion of hospital bed numbers to 10/10,000 population by\ud2014. The authors examined the reasons for the paradox and analysed the following contributory factors; health system’s\udshortcomings; epidemiological transition; medical tourism; high out-of-pocket payments; patronage of traditional medical\udpractitioners, and increasing use of outpatient care. Suggestions for addressing the paradox are proposed.\udKey words\udIndonesia, Hospital bed to population ratio, Bed occupancy rate, Health system refor