Open AccessNumerical simulations to determine the influence of mould design on ice-templated scaffold structures
Author(s) -
Anke Husmann,
Kendell M. Pawelec,
Clare Burdett,
Serena M. Best,
Ruth E. Cameron
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of biomedical engineering and informatics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2377-939X
pISSN - 2377-9381
DOI - 10.5430/jbei.v1n1p47
Subject(s) - multiphysics , thermal conduction , scaffold , materials science , tissue engineering , porosity , porous medium , mechanical engineering , composite material , mechanics , nanotechnology , biological system , finite element method , biomedical engineering , structural engineering , engineering , physics , biology
In recent years, there has been a shift from traditional cell culture on two-dimensional substrates towards the use of three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering. Ice-templating is a versatile tool to create porous scaffolds from collagen. Here we discuss specific considerations for the design of moulds to produce freeze dried collagen scaffolds with pore sizes of around 100µm, a range that is relevant to tissue engineering. A numerical model of heat conduction, implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics® version 5.0, calculated the temperature contour lines and heat flow vectors during cooling for a variety of mould geometries and materials. We show how temperature distribution within moulds determines the resulting pore structure of the scaffolds by regulating ice growth, and we validate our simulation against experimental results. These simulations are especially useful when working with moulds that contain volumes of more than 1cm in each direction.