Open AccessInternational Real Estate Review
Author(s) -
Lingxiao Li,
Bing Zhu
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of the asian real estate society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 1029-6131
DOI - 10.53383/100309
Subject(s) - collateral , equity (law) , real estate , economics , home equity , shock (circulatory) , monetary economics , consumption (sociology) , securitization , wealth effect , loan , financial economics , business , financial system , finance , monetary policy , medicine , social science , sociology , political science , law
This paper investigates two types of housing wealth effects: conventional housing wealth and collateral. We incorporate home equity extraction (HEE) and the influence of mortgage liberalization into the model in Campbell and Mankiw (1989). Based on U.S. data during the 1977Q1–2019Q4, our empirical results suggest that consumption is remarkably influenced by the use of HEE, rather than home equity. Furthermore, the rapid expansion of mortgage securitization significantly amplifies the collateral effect. Conditional on the use of HEE and the share of non-bank mortgage holdings, housing wealth has an average marginal propensity to consume (MPC) of 0.84 cents and a maximum MPC of 6.06 cents. In 2007, when market-based mortgage pools and issuers of asset-backed securities held more than 60% of home mortgages, the HEE shock explained for over 50% of the forecasting variance of consumption growth. The results provide evidence that with a focus on collateral value, lenders allow more equity withdrawal, which leads to higher consumption.