LES RESSOURCES EN EAU AU CAP BON: DES CONFLITS SOCIO-ENVIRONNEMENTAUX AUX VULNÉRABILITÉS ÉCOSYSTÉMIQUES

Tunisia and, in particular, the eastern facade of Cap Bon has considered theintegrated management of water and its resources as a challenge and an issue of greatimportance for human development and the sustainable management of its landscapes. Thisregion has an essentially agricultural vocation but also has a strong tourist attraction thanks toits natural and cultural potential, the current economic context of the coastal towns of Cap Boninduces a rapid development in the demand for water. There is already a competition for waterexploitation between the agricultural and tourist sectors. The demand for water is then broughtto meet the needs of the tourist industry and those of the agricultural activity, without forgettingthe industrial and domestic sector. Although agriculture is the main activity for the majority of thepopulation, agricultural intensification threatens the sustainability of the water resource, as ameans of production, both in terms of quality and in terms of quantity. and the threat as well, asnatural wealth. We must therefore think about redefining the place of water through thedifferential management of water resources by considering them not only as a vital andeconomic resource but also as an environmental and landscape component of great importance.To do this and based on the documentary research and the various surveys carried out in thestudy area, this article aims to present the different water sources in Cap Bon, to focus on themultiple conflicts of use by different sectors (agriculture, industry, domestic use, etc.) andsubsequently to explore what new forms of governance in the hydraulic field can be. The mainobjective is to plan the use, protection, conservation and sustainable and rational managementof water resources according to the needs and priorities of communities, within the frameworkof national economic and environmental development policies