Open AccessAnalytical Study of the Evolution of Hospitalizations for Traumatic Brain Injury In Brazil, In Comparison With Region, Race, Gender, Age Range and Death, Between January 2011 and December 2020
Author(s) -
Daniel de Christo Esteves,
Antônio Henrique Roberti dos Santos,
Guilherme Neumann de Araújo,
Mylena Sobreira Sena,
Giovanna Amaral Lopes,
Adrianny Freitas Teixeira
Publication year - 2021
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Conference proceedings
DOI - 10.5327/1516-3180.536
Subject(s) - medicine , incidence (geometry) , epidemiology , traumatic brain injury , demography , head injury , pediatrics , race (biology) , socioeconomic status , public health , mortality rate , cause of death , population , environmental health , surgery , psychiatry , disease , physics , botany , nursing , sociology , optics , biology
Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) consists of an damage to the brain tissue by an external agent, whether due to falls, car accidents or aggressions. It is a situation that often requires emergency care, due to possible sequelae and the imminent risk of death. Thus, TCE is one of the main causes of death worldwide, especially in children and young adults, translating into an important public health problem with a high socioeconomic impact. Objectives: To report the number of hospitalizations for TBI, in order to clarify the relationship between it and the variables studied. Methods: Analytical epidemiological study carried out by research at DATASUS based on data on head trauma in Brazil, with patients aged less than 1 year to 80 years or more, between January 2011 and December 2020, associating the location according to the age group, region, race, gender, mortality rate, year and number of deaths in the country. Results: Observing the cases of intracranial trauma, in the last 10 years (2011- 2020), 1,033,512 cases were noted, 787,480 (76.19%) of which were male. As for the regional proportion, there is a higher incidence in the southeastern region, with 431,785 (43.02%) cases, with São Paulo being 236,653 (54.80%) the state with the largest number, followed by the northeast region, in which it occupies the second position with the highest number of cases, with 274,781 (26.58%) and Ceará the most relevant state with 65,602 (23.87%) cases. Regarding race, browns with 348,581 (33.72%) cases had the highest rate. Evaluating an age group, 17.23% of the cases are between 20 and 29 years old, followed by 14.88% between 30 and 39 years old. In relation to deaths, there is a total of 98,537, with the age group between 20 and 29 years with the highest incidence with 14,814 (15.03%), with a highlight in the male gender with 13,152 (88.78%). With regard to the mortality rate, a higher rate was observed in males aged over 80 years. Conclusion: Traumatic brain injury often requires an early diagnosis for a better prognosis. Judging from the large number of cases, it is worth investing in methods for early diagnosis, seeking to improve the prognosis and reduce the total number of deaths. In addition, it is necessary to look at the causes of TBI and to emphasize the prevention of causes that can be avoided, especially among the youngest who are the most affected group.