Open AccessThe relationship of diabetes mellitus with Alzheimer’s disease: a literature review
Author(s) -
Fábio Dias Nogueira,
Ana Klara Rodrigues Alves,
Hyan Ribeiro da Silva,
Ana Kamila Rodrigues Alves,
Marlilia Moura Coelho Sousa,
Ana Karla Rodrigues Alves,
Wanderson da Silva Nery,
Breno Carvalho de Almeida,
Flávia Dias Nogueira,
Leiz Maria Costa Véras
Publication year - 2021
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Conference proceedings
DOI - 10.5327/1516-3180.280
Subject(s) - insulin resistance , diabetes mellitus , dementia , disease , type 2 diabetes mellitus , tau protein , medicine , hyperinsulinemia , gsk 3 , risk factor , insulin , bioinformatics , alzheimer's disease , endocrinology , biology , kinase , microbiology and biotechnology
Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is closely related to diabetes mellitus (DM), and AD is also considered to be type 3 diabetes (T3D). Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) may be the potential link between DM and AD. GSK-3β is one of the main factors that lead to insulin deficiency and insulin resistance, and insulin resistance is a characteristic of the development of DM. In AD, GSK-3β plays an important role in hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein (tau) associated with microtubules, which is one of the pathological features in AD. Objective: To analyze DM as a factor for the development of AD. METHODOLOGY: This is an integrative review of the literature, which is a construction of a comprehensive analysis of the literature with pre-defined steps, carried out through PubMed, 1.501 articles were found, of which 10 were selected, through the simultaneous crossing between the descriptors “Diabetes mellitus”, “Alzheimer “. Articles written in Portuguese and English published between 2016 and 2021 were inserted. Results: DM associated with insulin resistance affects psychomotor efficiency, attention, learning memory, mental flexibility, speed and executive function of the brain, thus being an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment and damage to the central nervous system, hyperglycemia, which can cause increased oxidative stress leading to progressive functional and structural abnormalities in the brain. Conclusion:The risk of dementia in patients with DM is higher than in nondiabetic patients and it is also well known that DM2 / insulin resistance is involved in AD.