Open AccessCavernous sinus thrombosis as a serious complication of sphenoid sinusitis in children
Author(s) -
Lícia Apoline Santos Marques,
Iago Antunes Macedo de Souza,
Luís Gustavo Miranda Cavalcante Farias,
Ellem Silva Pestana,
Paula Rocha,
Jailson de Sousa Oliveira Júnior,
Rafaela Machado Dias de Oliveira,
Frederico Prado
Publication year - 2021
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Conference proceedings
DOI - 10.5327/1516-3180.232
Subject(s) - medicine , cavernous sinus thrombosis , sinusitis , sinus (botany) , paranasal sinuses , cavernous sinus , thrombosis , complication , skull , etiology , surgery , pathology , biology , botany , genus
Introduction:The cavernous sinus is a venous plexus delimited by the dura mater and sited at the base of skull, laterally to the sella turcica and to the sphenoid sinus. The cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is a serious illness that may result from infection of any tissue drained by the cavernous sinus (septic thrombosis). Septic thrombosis (ST) may occur through the suppurative process by the level of the orbit, of the upper half of the face or paranasal sinuses , constituting a critical complication of sinusitis. Objectives: To verify the association between cavernous sinus thrombosis and sphenoid sinusitis in children, in the bibliographic productions of the last 10 years. Methods:This is an integrative literature review, with a search carried out in the database of the Medical Literature and Retrieval System onLine (MEDLINE), using a combination of the following Health Sciences Descriptors (DECS): “Sphenoid Sinusitis” and “Thrombosis” And “ Cavernous sinus” in “ Children ”. Incomplete studies were excluded from the research, carried out before 2012, totaling 7 bibliographic studies for detailed analysis. Results:CST can result from infection of any tissue drained from the cavernous sinus. This includes the face, tonsils, soft palate, teeth and ears.Only 15% of cases of CST in patients up to 12 years of age, originated from the paranasal sinuses. However, more recent studies advance that sinusitis is currently the most common etiology. When the sinuses are the cause of CST, the sphenoid sinus emerged as the most common primary source of infection predisposing to CST, since it has important anatomical relationships with the cavernous sinus. Streptococcus has been reported as the most common organism associated with sphenoid sinusitis. Conclusion:Although CTS is a rare clinical condition, acute and persistent sphenoid sinusitis can progress to such a condition, despite medical treatment. The main support of treatment includes early diagnosis, aggressive intravenous antibiotics and appropriate surgical treatment.