Open AccessMETHOD OF FORECASTING THE YIELD OF APPLE TREES DEPENDING ON THE SOIL CONDITIONS OF THE NORTH OF THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION
Author(s) -
V.L. Zakharov,
T.V. Zubkova
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
vestnik altajskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 1996-4277
DOI - 10.53083/1996-4277-2021-204-10-19-25
Subject(s) - chernozem , humus , soil water , podzol , soil science , water content , rootstock , soil horizon , environmental science , agronomy , chemistry , geology , botany , geotechnical engineering , biology
The following soil indices that determine the level of apple tree yield have been determined: agrochemical indi-ces: pHKCl, hydrolytic acidity, total exchangeable bases, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, easily-hydrolyzable nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, humus con-tent, and ground water mineralization; morphological indi-ces: humus horizon thickness (A + B1), root layer thick-ness, carbonate depth, gleying depth, ground water depth, water-soluble salt depth; physical indices: soil density, mesoaggregate content (0.25-10 mm), physical clay con-tent (< 0.01 mm); water-physical indices: hydroscopic mois-ture, maximum hygroscopic content, capillary moisture capacity, minimum water capacity, available moisture, wa-ter stability coefficient; orographic indices: slope steepness and slope exposure. A method for predicting apple tree yield for soil types in the northern part of the Central Cher-nozem Region has been developed; the method is based on the agrochemical, morphological, water-physical, and orographic soil indices and takes into account the rootstock vigor. The method shows the range of the expected aver-age annual yield of apple trees during the period of full fruiting without fertilizer application. According to the devel-oped software, the highest yield of apple trees on semi-dwarf rootstock (using the example of 62-396) will be ex-pected on typical chernozems; on medium-sized rootstock (54-118) -on leached chernozems, podzolized and dark gray forestsoils; on strong-growing rootstock (pomaceous) -on podzolized chernozems and dark gray forest soils.