Open AccessPeroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARS)
Author(s) -
Samina Sarwar,
N.A. Shabana
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
the journal of microbiology and molecular genetics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2788-8312
pISSN - 2707-6431
DOI - 10.52700/jmmg.v1i3.12
Subject(s) - peroxisome proliferator activated receptor , peroxisome , lipid metabolism , receptor , adipogenesis , glucose homeostasis , ppar agonist , endocrinology , medicine , transcription factor , beta oxidation , nuclear receptor , peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta , fatty acid , biology , chemistry , biochemistry , metabolism , insulin resistance , insulin , adipose tissue , gene
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors are a group (PPARs) of transcription factors whose differential distribution in different tissues, including adipocytes, hepatocytes, musclesand endothelial cells lead to different clinical outcomes. They are called lipid and insulin sensors due to the important role in lipid and glucose homeostasis. They are mainly of threetypes; 1) PPAR? which influences fatty acid metabolism and its activation lowers lipid levels,2) PPAR? causes fatty acid oxidation in skeletal and cardiac muscles, as well as regulatesblood glucose and cholesterol levels and 3) PPAR? which is mostly involved in the regulationof the adipogenesis, energy balance, and lipid biosynthesis. The expression of these receptorsis influenced by many natural and synthetic ligands. Realistic data on the expression andfunction of natural PPAR agonists on glucose and lipid metabolism are still missing, mostlybecause the same ligand influences several receptors and a number of reports have providedconflicting results. The current minireview focuses on the structure, functions, types andligands of the PPAR.