A Case Control Study to Explore the Risk Factors Associated with Cervical Cancer among Women in Bagalkot

Background: Worldwide, cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer in women with an estimated 570 000 new cases in 2018. Of the estimated more than 3,11, 000 deaths from cervical cancer every year, more than 85% of these occur in low- and middle-income countries.1Method: It was a Case control study with 160 subjects (80 cases and 80 controls). Cases were women diagnosed with cervical cancer and controls were women without any malignancies. The cases were enrolled from Kerudi cancer hospital and controls were selected from HSK hospital and research center Bagalkot. Data was collected by structured questionnaire prepared by the researcher. Logistic binary regression analysis was used for determining factors associated with cervical cancer.Result: The Mean age of cases was 51.15 years ± 11.2 years and control group were 50.53 years ± 10.4 years. The factors found associated with cervical cancer were; multiple pregnancy (P<0.012), (OR 2.857, 95% CI 1.3 - 6.4), pre-cancerous wound (P<.001) (OR 12.56, 95% CI 4.7 - 33) Pap-smear test (P<.OO1) (OR 185.156, 95% CI 23.49-145.8), age of menarche (P<0.001), (OR 1.616, 95% CI 1.2-2.1), co morbidity (P<.029)(OR 12.56, 95% CI 4.7-33), Pap-smear test (P<.OO1) (OR 3.362,95% CI 1.130-9.9), any precaution (P<.OO1) (OR .022,95% CI.006 - .007), used old cloth/sanitary napkin ((P<.OO1)(OR.118, 95% CI.O54, - .254).Conclusion: There are many factors that can be controlled to prevent cervical cancer and all women must be aware of it.Keywords: Cervical cancer, women, Pap smear, cancer hospital, risk factors.