Open AccessVirus induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and protein biomarkers
Author(s) -
Hamza Abbas Jaffari,
Sumaira Mazhar
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
pakistan biomedical journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2709-2798
pISSN - 2709-278X
DOI - 10.52229/pbmj.v4i2.72
Subject(s) - hepatocellular carcinoma , medicine , liver transplantation , asymptomatic , disease , hepatitis b virus , liver disease , hepatitis c virus , viral hepatitis , cancer , liver cancer , stage (stratigraphy) , oncology , pathology , cancer research , transplantation , virus , immunology , biology , paleontology
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a standout amongst the most widely recognized cancers around the world, and just as the alcoholic liver disease it is also progressed by extreme viral hepatitis B or C. At the early stage of the disease, numerous patients are asymptomatic consequently late diagnosis of HCC occurs resulting in expensive surgical resection or transplantation. On the basis of the alpha fetoprotein (AFP) estimation, combined with the ultrasound and other sensitive imaging techniques used, the non-invasive detection systems are available. For early disease diagnosis and its use in the effective treatment of HCC patients, the identification of HCC biomarkers has provided a breakthrough utilizing the molecular genetics and proteomics. In the current article, most recent reports on the protein biomarkers of HBV or HCV-related HCC and their co-evolutionary association with liver cancer are reviewed.