Open AccessDeep-sea polymetallic nodules as opportunity for future supply with critical raw materials
Author(s) -
Valcana Stoyanova,
Atanas Hikov,
Elitsa Stefanova,
Zlatka Milakovska,
Tomasz Abramowski,
Irena Peytcheva,
Silvia Chavdarova,
Milen Stavrev
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
spisanie na bʺlgarskoto geologičesko družestvo/spisanie na bʺlgarskoto geologičesko družestvo
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1314-8680
pISSN - 0007-3938
DOI - 10.52215/rev.bgs.2021.82.3.153
Subject(s) - clarion , context (archaeology) , joint (building) , geology , fracture (geology) , raw material , environmental science , mining engineering , computer science , chemistry , engineering , paleontology , civil engineering , artificial intelligence , organic chemistry
The renewed importance of polymetallic nodules in the context of forecasted increasing demands for metals are discussed. Based on the Interoceanmetal Joint Organization’s (IOM) site-specific data obtained during the exploration activity in the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone, a total of 272.5 Mt of nodules were estimated as economically reasonable for future mining for Ni, Cu, Co, and Mn. Additionally, data for REE and other critical elements in nodules as potential by-products are presented.